Alsiraj Official Website
Controversial miscellaneous issues related to Islam
Right of Protection of lives
Muslim scholars agreed that the lives, wealth and honor of the non Muslim living in an Islamic state are to be protected. Violating their blood is considered one of the gravest of sins. This is due to the hadith by the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him: "He who kills a non-Muslim who keeps a peace treaty with the Muslims will not smell the scent of Heaven, though its scent can be traced to as far as a march of 40 years" (Imam Ahmad and Al-Bukhari in Al-Jizyah, among others).
Islam ruled that any Muslim who steals from a non Muslim would have his hand cut off.
Non Muslims should not be subjected to severe punishment or torture if they failed to fulfill their duties like paying the Jizyah and the kharaj (what we now call tax).
Examples:
The fourth of the righteous Caliphs, Ali Ibn Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with him, wrote to the collectors of the Kharaj:
"When you come to them, do not sell their garments preserved for winter or summer, or the food they eat, or the animals they need. Don’t whip any of them for a Dirham, and do not oblige them to stand on one leg for a dirham. Do not sell any of their household goods for the payment of Kharaj, because we accept from them what they have. If you do not comply with my orders, Allah will punish you in my absence. And if I receive any complaint against you in this concern, your service will be terminated"
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